Oral Presentation Joint Annual Scientific Meeting of the Nutrition Society of NZ and the Nutrition Society of Australia

Improved diet quality and body weight in men after participating in the PULSE T2DM prevention randomised controlled trial (365)

Elroy J Aguiar 1 , Clare E Collins 1 , Philip J Morgan 1 , Ron C Plotnikoff , Myles D Young 1 , Megan E Rollo 1 , Robin Callister
  1. Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia

Background/Aims: T2DM prevention programs have reduced incidence by up to 58%. However, programs  have been intensive and costly.  The aim was to evaluate efficacy of a self-administered, gender-tailored T2DM prevention PULSE (Prevention Using LifeStyle Education) program for men only.

Methods: A 6-month assessor-blinded, randomised controlled trial. Eligible men were 18-65 years, BMI 25-40 kg.m-2 and at high T2DM risk (Australian Risk Assessment Tool).  Men were randomised to intervention (n=53) or wait-list control (n=48) groups. PULSE included print and video resources on weight loss (SHED-IT Weight Loss Program), evidence-based diet and a home-based unsupervised aerobic exercise and resistance training program. Six-month outcome measures included weight, HbA1C,, fitness, diet quality (Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS) and food and nutrient intakes (Australian Eating Survey). Generalised linear mixed models (intention-to-treat) evaluated group-by-time interactions.

Results: At baseline (mean ± SD) men were 52.3 ± 9.7 years, 103.0 ± 13.1 kg and HbA1C 5.8 ± 0.5%. Group-by-time differences at 6- months (mean [95% CI]) favoured the intervention for weight (-5.50 kg [-7.40, -3.61], P<0.001), HbA1C (-0.2% [-0.3, -0.1), P=0.002), diet quality  (ARFS 4.4 [1.5, 7.4], P=0.004), % energy (E%) from core foods (7.6%[3.8, 11.3], P<0.001), E% fruit (2.3%[0.4, 4.3], P=0.020) compared to controls. Total energy intake (-1285 kJ.day-1 [-2734, 165], P=0.08) and E% vegetables (0.8%[-0.9, 2.6], P=0.35) did not differ between groups despite significant intervention group improvements.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates efficacy of a self-administered, gender-tailored lifestyle intervention on reducing T2DM risk factors in men. Future research should evaluate cost-effectiveness.

Funding Source: Hunter Medical Research Institute